ADRI  ALEGISI  KAGAME

INGANJI KARINGA

Icapa lya kabili (2èmeédition)KABGAYI1 959

Baca umugani ngo ijya kurisha ihera ku rugo.

Abazasoma iki gitabo ntibazaburamo abibaza icyo ilyo zina livuga, kuko baca undi mugani ngo: « Unyuze mw’ishyamba atazi, ahaca inkoni atazi »., Ibyo tugiye gusoma, abenshi ntitwali tubizi: haboneka wenda abagura igitabo gitekereza ibyo batali bazi, bakagisangana izina batazi. INGANJI, ni ijambo lituruka ku lyo KUGANZA. Inganji Karinga rero ni ukuvuga ko Ingoma yacu y’ngabe yaganje izindi igasigara yihaliye aho zahoze zose.

Ingoma y’Ingabe, ni ukuvuga Ingorna yerekana Ubwami bw’Igihugu. Ingabe zacu ni enye : Ingabe ihatse u Rwanda, ikagaragaza Umwami yonyine, ni Karinga. Ingabekazi yayo, ni Cyim’umugizi. Ilyo Cyim’umugizi, ni ukuvuga ko « Igihugu cyima Umwami ukigira, akakirema, akakibamo Nyamugira-ubutangwa ». Mbere ya Karinga, Ingabe y’u Rwanda yitwaga RWOGA, yaremwe na Gihanga, inyagwa n’Abanyabungo, igihe Umwami wacu Ndahiro II Cyamatare aguye i Rubi rw’i Nyundo,

iriya mu Bugamba (Provinsi ya Cyingogo). Aho umuhungu we Ndoli ahungukiye, ava i Karagwe, yimye afite ingoma yitwa NANGAMADUMBU. Aho amaliye gutsinda abamurwanizaga, yimika Karinga. Iyo ye ya Nangamadumbu ayiha Abiru bo kwa Gitandura, ayibashurnbusha byo kubashimira ko Gitandura yali yaracikanye Cyim’umugizi, igihe bicikiye i Rubi rw’i Nyundo; Cyim’umugizi igaruka i Bwami ityo, aba ariyo ngoma ya Gihanga igumana na Karinga, uko yahoranye na Rwoga.

Ingabe zindi dufite, ni Mpats’ibihugu  na Kiragutse. Ili ni ukuvuga ko igihugu cyabaye kigaIi, cyagutse. Zo zaremwe na Kigeli IV RwabugiIi, ejobundi, aziremana n’indi yitwaga Icy’umwe, yahiliye ku Rucuncu, mu ipfa lya Mibambwe IV Rutarindwa. Bavuga ko na Butare yali ingabe; yali ingoma yimitswe na Kigeli IV Rwabugili na yo, bayitakaho amasaro umubili wose: na yo yahiliye ku Rucuncu.

Ingabe yerekana Ubwami, uko Karinga imeze mu Rwanda, iruta Umwami ku bukuru n’icyubahiro. Ni yo yima igihugu, Immana ikayitorera Umwami wo kuyima. N’aho Umwami yatanga asize ubusa, igihugu cyaguma aho ikacyima ubwayo, abakomoka ku Mwami bo mu nda y’ingoma bakayirwanira, aliko ntihagire uyima muli bo, kuko badakomoka  ku Mwami wayirazwe uharuka kuyima. Aho ili, Umwami atahali ivugima nk’i igoma ubwayo. Iyo ili ku mugendo hose bayakira nk’Umwami, ikagira abayishengerera umunsi n’ijoro; kandi n’Umwami ubwe yajyaga kuyishengerera; yaba ili ku mugendo Umwami akayigenda inyuma. Igihugu gifite Ingabe, gitsindwa iyo abakinesheje bacyatse Ingabe yacyo. Igihe benecyo bakiyihishe, baba bizeye ko bazabyutsa umutwe: biba byitwa ko igihugu cyabo cyaneshejwe gusa, kitaratsindwa.

Imibare y’ikilatini

Muli iki gitabo, muzasangamo imibare y’ikilatini ikulikiye izina ly’Umwami lyerekana uko Abami bitiranwa bagiye bakulikirana. Abami n’Abapapa bandikwaho bene iyo mibare,kuko mbere yo kwima baba barahoranye izina lyabo lya Rubanda; bamara kwima rero bakagira irindi lishya, liba lyaragizwe n’abandi mbere ye. Ngiye kubereka iyo mibare, nyihindure mu mibare isanzwe, kugira ngo muyimenyere aho, ubundi nimubona bayikulikije kwu izina mujye mumenya icyo ivuga. Dore ngiyi :

Imibare

Imilatini                          Isanzwe                   Imilatini                  Isanzwe

I                       ni             1                             XIII                  ni     13

II                      ni             2                             XIV                  ni     14

III                     ni             3                             XV                   ni     15

IV                    ni             4                             XVI                  ni     16

V                     ni             5                             XVII                 ni     17

VI                    ni             6                             XVIII                ni     18

VII                   ni             7                             XIX                  ni     19

VIII                  ni             8                             XX                   ni     20

IX                    ni             9                             XXI                  ni     21

X                     ni             10                           XXII                 ni     22

XI                    ni             11                           XXIII                        ni     23

XII                   ni             12                           XXIV                        ni     24

XXV                 ni     25

Ni uko rero, ngira ngo ntimuzabona amazina y’Abami, cyangwa y’Abapapa arengejeho. Izina ly’Ubupapa lyatowe na benshi ni ilya Yohani, ligeza kuli Yohani XXIII (uwa 23). Iy’Abami b’u Rwanda lyagize benshi ni ilya Yuhi, ligeza kuli Yuhi V (uwa 5) Musinga.) Nimubona Leopoldi III, muzamenya ko ari uwa3 wiswe ilyo zina mu Bami b’Ababiligi. Nimubona Georgi VI, muzamenye ko mu Bwongereza ali uwa 6 wiswe ilyo zina. Nimubona Papa Piyo XII muzamenya koari uwa 12 mu Bapapa biswe iIyo lya Piyo, mbere ye hakaba hali abandi 11. Nimubona Kigeli IV, muzamenya ko ari uwa 4 (ali we Rwabugili) wiswe ilyo zina mu Bami b’u Rwanda. Aho gushyiraho iyo mibare tutali tuzi, mu kinyarwanda twashyiragaho izina ly’Ubututsi, likatumenyesha uwo Mwami uwo ali we. Bavugaga Kigeli Ndabarasa, ukamenya ko ali uwa gatatu, kUko mbere ye hali Kigeli Mukobanya na Kigeli Nyamuheshera; n’ayandi kandi ni uko. Noneho mubitore, ubwo twageze mu bitabo.

IGICE CYA I

U Rwanda rwa mbere

I nteruro

Rubanda mwese mugiye gusoma aka gatabo

1 – Inganji Karinga ije kubatekerereza ibyo mu Rwanda bya kera, kugira ngo murusheho kumenya icyo muli cyo. Ubu Abazungu batuzaniye ubwenge n’ibindi byo kutugira abakungu. Aliko rero abatazi ubulyo bwo kubyendana ubwenge, byabatera guhinduka impogoma. Mwagiye mubona ababyisutsemo babijyanyemo ubuswa, bakabona ko ubwenge Abazungu batuzaniye ali ukutagira isoni, no kugendera ku magare gusa. Aliko rero ngira ngo mu Banyarwanda bandi nta wibwira ko bene abo bamurusha ubwenge, biturutse muli beno iyo migenzereze ibuze hose: ntibe mizungu, ntibe na minyarwanda! Nonese n’aho wakwigerekaho amabuye, hali Umwirabura watora neza imico ya kizungu,  ikamumeraho neza nka beneyo ? Uwashidikanya, azase n’uwibwira Umuzungu watora imico yacu ikamumeraho nk’uko itumezeho.

2 – No mu kizungu haba ubupfura cyane. Icyo bashima cyacu, si ukutubona twarabaye ibyomanzi: bashaka ko tujya mbere mu bwenge no mu bukungu, aliko dukulikije imico ya gipfura yacu izatugira abantu bakwiliye icyubahiro muli benewacu. Kwiroha mu byabo rero ubijyanyemo ubuswa, ugasuzugura ibyacu, byaba nka wa mugani, ngo: «Wabonye isha itamba uta n’urwo wali wambaye!.» Ni ugusigara mu gihirahiro, utagira aho wegamye. Naho rero Umunyarwanda uzi ubwenge,. yenda ibya kizungu aruzi ko bimufitiye akamaro, akabyuzurisha ubunyarwanda bwe aho butali bwuzuye; icyo yenze cyose cya kizungu akacyenda ahâhira ku bunyarwanda bwe! Kandi kubigira utyo ni ngombwa kuli ubu: ibya kinyarwanda biracyaducagatiye henshi. Kuli ubu uwashaka kwikundira ubunyarwanda bwe bwonyine, yaba ari injiji; aliko rero n’uwashaka kwiroha mu bya kizungu byonyine, byamuhindura icyomanzi cy’igihindugembe.

3 – Iki gitabo rero kigiye kubibutsa icyo tuli cyo. Kugira ngo nitujya kwenda ibya kizungu, tubyende tuzi ishingiro lyacu, tuzi i’cyo tugiye guhahiraho!I Kigiye kutwibutsa ko tutali intaratsi, Mungu yapfuye kujugunya aho. Kizatwereka ko u Rwanda ari igihugu gishinze imizi, gifite amasekuruza maremare, kizatwereka ko twagize abasekuruza baturemeye iki gihugu, bakarema imico yacu basize batwigishije! Mbese rwose kiratubwira kiti: «Witegereze ibyo abasekuruza bawe bakoze. Baremye u Rwanda bararwagura mu bugali. Ubu amahoro yaraje: nta mirwano ikiliho yo kurwagura mu bugali. Aliko rero niba utihakana abo basekuruza bawe, wungure u Rwanda aho rutarakura: ugerageze kurwungura ku bwenge bwa roho n’ubw’umubili. Wibuke ko ibi ngiye kugutekerereza, na we uzabitekerezwaho ku ngoma zizaza. »

Mwitondere ukuntu iki gitabo kizandikwa.

4 – Iki gitabo tugiye kwandika kizadutekerereza ibyabaye mu Rwanda bya kera, kiroroshye, kandi kiraruhije byombi! Kworoha kwacyo, bituruka kuko atali ibintu by’ibihimbano twifindafindiye, ngo tugire tuti: « Byaturaje kw’ijoro tubihimbahimba. » Ni ibintu twabwiwe n’abakuru bali baragize umwete wo kubyitoza hambere bigihimbaje rubanda. Iyo uhuye n’ubizi akabikubwira, urushywa no kubyandika, no kuzakulikiranya neza ibyo wagiye usakuma hilya nohino. Gukomera kwabyo kandi ni uko ali bwo bwambere haboneka umuntu ugerageza kubyandika mu kinyarwanda, abitekerereza kandi Abanyarwanda. Gukora ikintu cyigeze gukorwa n’abandi mbere yawe, n’iyo utabîgânye, nibura ibyabo biguha inzira uzakulikiza, bikakworohereza umulimo.

5- Nanone mbere habonetse abantu banditse iby’u Rwanda, aliko babyandika mu gifransa, kandi bandika ku bulyo Abazungu bakunda kubwirwa iby’ino; nta bwo byanditse inzira imwe n’ibi ngibi mugiye kubona. Abanditse nk’ibyo b’ingenzi ni babili: Padri Pagès, wahoze ku Nyunclo wanditse igitabo cyitwa « Un Royaume hamite au centre de l’Afrique» (Ngo: Ingoma ntutsi muli Afrika yo hagati.) Icyo gitabo cyanditswe hambere, kikabamo ibitekerezo by’ingoma zose, aliko by’iningwa rero! Aho yirambuye gato, ni ku ngoma ya Ruganzu II Ndoli, n’iya Kigeli IV Rwabugili. Undi wanditse igitabo cy’igihangange, ni Padri Shanwani (M. le Chanoine de Lacger) cyitwa Le Ruanda ancien et moderne, (ngo: U Rwanda rwa kera n’urwa vuba). Cyanditse ku bulyo bwa kizungu na none, ntikinarondora iby’ingoma zose; aliko rero kibikoraho ku bulyo bwashimisha Abanyarwanda, iyaba cyali cyanditse mu rulirni bumva. Haliho n’abandi banditse utuntu hilya no hino aliko rero ab’ikubitiro ni abo uko ahi babili.

6- Noneho iki gitabo nta giye kwandikwa ku bulyo bwa kizungu: kiratekereza iby’u Rwanda bya

kera, mu rulimi rwacu, kandi ku bulyo Abanyarwanda babitekereza, kinabikuye ruhandi! Byongeye kandi ubwo tutali abazungu, ntituzilirwa dukorakora muli ibyo bintu bitaduhimbaje, ali byo abazungu bikundira! Tuzibasira gusa ibitekerezo bya kera, tubijyane umujyo umwe, tuzabigeze kuli iyi ngoma ya Mutara. Aliko rero n’ubwo tutazakulikiza ikizungu bwose, tuzagerageza kubitekereza tubivanguramo amahomvu ya rwana yagiye ashyirwamo n’amandabirane y’abacamigani. Koko rero kenshi twumva ibintu batekereza, kimwe kikaba cyiza ukwacyo ; aliko wabishyira hamwe, ugasanga bimwe bivuguruza ibindi. Hakabaho se n’ubwo bitavuguruzanya, aliko rero mu magarabo ukumva ko ali ibintu by’ibihimbano bidashora kubaho. Ibyo kandi by’amahomvu y’amahimbano ntibiba mu Rwanda gusa; ubusanzwe igihugu kitazi kwandika, amakuru yacyo ya kera ahanini nta bwo akunda kubamo iy’imvaho, ngo nuyumva, wibwire uti: «Uko babintekerereje uku ni ko byagenze koko, ni ko aya magarabo yavuzwe yose. »

7- Kuki? Kuko ababonye ikintu batazi kwandika, bagitekerereza abana babo mu magambo, bamara gupfa rero, ba bana babo na bo bakagitekerereza abana babo, aliko mu yandi magambo, atali yayandi bacyumvisemo mbere. Abuzukuru n’abuzukuruza ba bo, n’ubuvivi, n’abazabakomokaho ku ngoma zindi bakazagumyakubihererekanya batyo umwe abyivugira muye magambo, undi mu ye!

Aho bitali binogereje neza, bagashaka ko hanoga: hamwe bakahatanaga cyane, ugasanga nta ko hasa! N’uko amagambo amwe bakayahindagura, andi bakayakuliliza ; ahabuze akantu bakahahimbira akandi. Yaba ali umugabo w’igihangange basingiza, kenshi bakajya kumutilira ibyo bumvise mu bitekerezo bindi bihimbitse neza, n’ibyo bajyaga baca mu migani bakabimwambika ugasanga yahindutse igitangaza cyibereye aho!

8 – Dore haba ubwo umuntu w’intwali yicisha umubisha icumu; bagakomeza rero kumurata. Haca nk’ingoma eshatu cyangwa enye, bakabona ko umuntu w’igihangange nka we adakwiliye kwicisha icumu byonyine. N’uko bakamuhimbira akantu kameze nk’ibyivugo bajyabumva, bati: « Barasakiranye, aralikaraga. Alikoreye, bumva inkuku zba bita! Umusereko walyo ubengeranye mu zuba, bagira ngo ni umurabyo! Umuhunda ukomanye n’ikigembe ararekera! Lijya mu ly’agaca, liva mu ly’agaca lijya mu ly’akanira, liva mu ly’akanira lijyà mu lya kagoma! Maze aragenda alimugema mu rwano, lyandurutse lifata mu bandi babisha batandatu, lisiga libaralitse ku nzira! Nuko lifata ku gasozi hakulya, lihaca igitengu: ni byo bya bihernbe by’aha n’aha mujya mwumva!»

9-  Bene ibyo rero akamaro kabyo, ni uko bitwigisha urulimi rwacu gusa : uwabitegerezamo ibitekerezo by’ukuli byigeze kubaho koko, ugasanga abishegera, abigira impaka, yaba ali umuntu Mungu yahaye ukwemerakurengutse!  Aliko rero niduhura na bene ibyo, tuzajya tubibatekerereza uko twabyumvise, kuko bihimbaza igitekerezo. Aliko rero hanyuma tuzajya tugerageza kubarobanuliramo amagambo y’iremezo yavugwaho kuba igitekerezo gikwiliye kuvugwa n’umuntu uciye akenge. Kubona umuntu uzi ubwenge agutekerereza ibintu by’amahomvu, cyangwa by’imigani, uruzi ko akomeje, yabishegeye, si byiza.

10 -Ni uku rero limwe na limwe muzajya mubona ibintu mwali mwaligeze kwumva ubundi mu migani, no mu bitekerezo bya rubanda. Nimubona byanditse ku bulyo budahuje n’uko mwajyaga mubyumva muzicare muzi ko twabibabwiye hakili kare! Nimubona kandi ibyo bajyaga bakabyamo byanditse aha ku bulyo bubipfobya., ntimuzababare ngo ni ngo ni ugushaka guhinyura ibyacu. Impamvu yabyo nayibabwiye: tuzakulikiza ahanini Ibisigo n’Ibitekerezo basobanuramo Ibisigo. Mu Kinyamateka cya novemberi 1941, ku rupapuro rwa 3 n’urwa 4, twabasobanuriye akamaro k’Ibisigo, tubaha n’urugero rwabyo; urwo rugero twaberetse rwali urwo kwumvisha ko Ibisigobidahindagulika  nk’Ibitekereo, kuko iteka bagumya kubitora mu magambo byahimbwemo. Ubu ntitwakwilirwa tubisubiramo, kuko aha ngaha atali umwanya wabyo.

Imilyango ya kera

11 – Tutaratangira gutekereza iby’u Rwanda bya kera, twakwibaza uko igihugu cyacu cyali kimeze kera, bya rnbere na mbere. Aliko rero gutekereza ibyo by’intangiliro, biraruhije, kuko nta Munyarwanda ukibyibuka, wigeze yiga kubitekereza. Nyamara rero baca umugani ngo: « Ikinyoni kigurutse kitavuze bacyita icyana!” N’ubwo Abanyarwanda batakibyibuka bwose, reka ngerageze kubibatekerereza mu magambo make, uko Abahanga mu bumenyi bw’imilyango babitekereza.

U Rwanda ruragumiliza kujya mbere: ikitaduteraga amatsiko, ejo twakwibaza uko byagenze. Baca umugani muli rubanda ngo: « Uwo ulibuheke ntumwisha urume ! » Ubwo bizavugwa na bwa bulya bwa lyali, ngira ngo ibyiza ni ukuvuga mu magambo make, nibura uko intege zibiduhaye !

12- Twebwe mu Banyarwanda, ibintu tuzi bya kera tubibwirwa n’Abasizi, n’Abatekereza bashize ubute bwo kubibaliliza no kubyitoza. Ibyo ni byiza cyane, kuko bitubwira ibitekerezo byinshi tutajyaga kuzibwira. Aliko rero Abahanga mu Bumenyi bw’ Imilyango bagira ubundi bulyo butavuguruzwa, bwo guhishura ibyabaye kera, bitashobora kumenywa n’Abanyabitekerezo. Dore bene uwo Muhanga mu Bumenyi bw’Imilyango, ashatse nko kumenya uko u Rwanda rwali rumeze mbere na mbere Abatutsi batararwadukamo, yakwigira muli aya mahugu ya Kongo atwegereye, akareba uko Abahutu baho bagenza. Akibwira ati: « Ubwo nta Batutsi bigeze gute-geka ino, kandi aba Bahutu bo muli ibi bihugu bakaba bafite isano n’Abahutu bo mu Rwanda, ubanza abo mu Rwanda barahoze bagenza nk’aba » Nuko rero akitegereza neza abo bo muli Kongo, akareba ukuntu bafite Abahinza bose, ali  bo Bakuru b’Umulyango, n’ibindi byinshi. Byarangira rero akaza mu Rwanda : akîgîra muli za Provinsi zo mu nkiga, aho imico ya gitutsi italiganza. Akahasanga iby’Abahinza, n’utundi tugenzo yabonye mu b’i Kongo.

13- Byarangira akajya mu Buganda, agahetura no mu Burundi, n’i Karagwe : areba hose uko Abahutu bo muli ibyo bihugu bagenza nk’ab’i Kongo kuli twa tugenzo yahakuye. Iteka rero agasanga amahugu yose yiganjemo Abahutu ahuliye kuli twa tugenzo. Byarangira akagira ati: « Aba Bahutu bo muli ibi bihugu ko badaturanye, bakaba badaherutse kwimuka mu gihugu kimwe, ngo tugire tuti ntibaribagirwa imico bavuyemo vuba, ni iki cyatumye bahuza izo ngeso n’iyo migenzo, n’iyo mihango nagiye nsanga hose ? » Akisubiza ati: « Birerekana ko aliimico y’Abahutu iyo bava bakajya. Iyo ubihoreye ali bonyine ni ko babigenza. Na kera rero, abo mu Rwanda bahoze bagenza nk’Abahutu,bandi bo mu bihugu bibakikije, icyabitandukanyije, n’uko Abatutsi badutse bakabatsinda, bakabatoza imico yindi itali iyo bahoranye ! » N’uko rero imigenzo yo mu bihugu bitwegereye ikamubwira ityo uko Abahutubo mu Rwanda ba kera bahoze bagenza, abikulije kuko agereranyije atyo.

14 – Bene uwo Muhanga se, haba ubwo yashaka kumenya uko Abatutsi bagenzaga ubwo badutse ino. Yaza mu Rwanda kubitegereza, agasanga ali abantu bamuyobeje. Ati : «Ese, ko aba Batutsi bakunda inka n’ubutaka, icyabo bwite ni ikihe ?Ese baje mu Rwanda baragiye inka zabo ali zo zibagenza, cyangwase baje ali abahinzi bakunda imilima, hanyuma inka bazungukira mu Rwanda? » Byamara kumujija, ati: «Henga nkwereke ikizabimbwira! » Ati: “ Icya imbere : Abatutsi bacyaduka ino, baje baturuka hehe? » Ati: «Icyakora nta bwo baturutse mu Burengera-zuba bw’u Rwanda, kuko mu byaKongo batazi umututsi icyo ali cyo. Nta bwo rero hashobora kuba amavukiro yabo, wa mugani baca ngo : Ziba zidakwiliye n’abanyazi, ngo : uraramure?” Ati : « ikindi kandi, ntibaturutse mu Majy’epfo y’u Rwanda, kuko n’ubwo baba mu Burundi n’u Buha, hilya y’ibyo bihugu ali indili y’abahutu! Iyo ndili yaba yaravubuye abatutsi ite, ntisigarane n’uw’imbuza-kurahira? » Ati: « Byongeye kandi, nta bwo baturutse mu Burasira-zuba bw’u Rwanda, kuko nanone hilya y’i Karagwe ah i ibihugu by’abahutu nyilizina! ».

15 – Yamara guhebera aho hose, : « Reka ndebere no mu majya-ruguru y’u Rwanda! » Yagera mu Ndorwa akahasanga Abahima ; akabasanga no mu Nkole, no muli Toro, no mu Bunyoro. Agakomeza akagenda abaramutsa inzira yose, atârûra imilyango yabo ku nzira, akâzarinda agera muli Abisiniya : agasanga ali yo abatutsi bagandiye, ali yo mavukiro yabo. Ntiyilirwe ashidikanya, akamenya ko Abatutsi bo mu Rwanda ali agasesekare k’abo muli Abisiniya! Agashikama rero akitegerereza imigenzereze y’abo ba ruguru: agasanga ali ba nyarushumba, batunzwe n’amata ahanini, n’ibiremve n’inyama. Agasanga urugo rwabo ali igikumba inka zabo zarayeho. Akagaruka ino yiruka: akareba ukuntu abatutsi b’ino bakunda inka, n’amata, n’ukuntu bazigishisha, n’ibindi byose muzi. Ati: « Irorerere nabimenye : aba Batutsi bo mu Rwanda, bacyaduka ino bali bameze nka bene-wabo aba ba ruguru. Imico n’imigenzereze y’Abagalla bo muli Abisiniya, n’iy’Abamasayi bo muli Kenya, n’Abahima bo mu Nkole n’i Ndorwa, byose biranyumvisha uko Abatutsi bali bameze : baje ino babungerana inka ; ibyo gukunda ubutaka babitojwe n’abahutu bahasanze. » N’uko ukicara akagutekerereza imico bahoranye, byo

se yarabyize kuli ubwo bulyo.

16 – Ngubwo ubulyo bukomeye, kandi butabeshya, kandi butavuguruzwa, bwo kwerekana ibintu byakera bitakizwi na rubanda. Na none bene ibyo ntibihishuraamazina y’abantu ngo bikubwire biti: «Habaye urugamba aha » Aliko ni ubulyo bwerekana imico y’abahozeho, n’imigenzereze yabo n’indimi bavugaga, n’ukuntu imilyango imwe yakulikiranye gutsindana yigarulira ibihugu ituyemo, n’utundi twinshi two mu gihugu. Gutekereza rero ibyo mu Rwanda bya mbere na mbere, ni ugukulikiza bene iyo nzira y’Ubuumenyi bw’imilyango, ukajya ushyiramo n’ibitekerezo bimwe na bimwe bacyibuka!

Abatwa

17 -Ubwa mbere na mbere, u Rwanda rwahoze ali ishyamba ibyo nta we utabyibwira. Kuko ishyamba licibwa n’abantu, balitemye bakalitwika se. Umuntu atarahinguka, liba ikigugu, ligahekeranya imigogo, likaguma aho.Abantu rero bataratema ilyo shyamba lyo mu Rwanda, lyarahahoze. Abo bavuga babanje kugera mu Rwanda, ni Abatwa, aba b’Impunyu. No muli aya mahugu atwegereye ya Kongo, amashyamba ya henshi atuwe n’Abatwa b’Impunyu zitwa Abambuti. Iteka iyo abahutu bageze aho, bagakonda ishyamba, abatwa bîgiranayo na lyo. N’abacu bo mu Rugano murabizi ni kimwe; kutagira ingo’ si ubukene bundi. Impamvu n’uko imico yabo n’imigenzo yabo ali ukuba ibitura-shyamba. Ahanini bitungirwa no guhiga inyamaswa.

18 – Urebe ko ilyo shyamba ali ilyabo, baralyigabagabanyije, umulyango umwe w’Abatwa ukagira Provinsi yabo, undi iyabo. Bamwe bagahiga muli Provinsi yabo, abandi mu yabo : ntihagire urenga, urubibi rw’undi. Kurenga imbago, ni igihe bakulikiye inyamaswa bâvumbuye iwabo ; nk’iyo bâbaga bayikomerekeje, bashoboraga kuyikulikira hose, ntihagire-kubabuza. Abahutu kandi bakondaga ishyamba, cyangwa abagikagamo imizinga yabo, twumvise ko bagiraga ituro ly’Umutware w’Abatwa b’aho ngaho. Yaba yanze kubatura, imizinga ye bakayisesa, cyangwase yaba ahinze bakajya bamwononera. Byongeye kandi, uko bakondaga ishyamba, aho bâtamuruye basangaga imisozi yaho ifite amazina yiswe n’Abatwa kéra! Ahakili ishyamba lyakondwaga nko mu Cyingogo, numvise bavuga ko imisozi yo mu ishyamba yose izwi n’Abatwa, akaba ali bo bayibwira abalitema.

19 – Uti: «Abatwa bamaze nk’imyaka ingahe mu Rwanda?» Ngira ngo uwabikubwira yaba akubeshye ! Abahanga muli ubwo Bumenyi bw’Imilyango bavuga ko bahamaze imyaka ibihumbi n’ibihumbi ! Icyakora Abatwa b ‘Impunyu zacu, ngo ni barebare cyane, ntibahwanye n’Impunyu zo muhi Kongo. Bakeka ko ali ubwoko bundi bw’abantu barebare bageze ino kera cyane, bashakana n’Impunyu z’ukuli, babyarana izi zacu, aba ali zo zisigara. Ngo impunyu z’ahandi, indeshyo yazo iteye ubwoba! Na mwe murebe abantu basumbwa n’Irapunyu zacu!

  1. – Uti: « Aliko se ko tuzi igihe Abatwa badukiye mu Rwanda bazanye na Kigwa, none ukaba ubicishije inzira itali yo? Tuyobewe se cya gitekerezo cya Gatutsi, na Gahutu, na Gatwa? » – Ibyo si ibitekerezo : ni imigani! Abayihimbye, babitewe no kugerageza kudusobanulira aho ubusumbane bw’abantu bwaturutse. Si mu Rwanda gusa : no mu bindi bihugu bilimo Abatutsi n’Abahatu n’abatwa, uwo mugani urahali. Hakaba ubwo bawuca muli ayo magambo yacu, hakaba n’ubwo bawuca mu yabo, aliko ahimbye inzira imwe n’uwacu! Aho Abatwa batali kandi, bahimba ibisobanura ubusumbane bw’Abahutu n’Abatutsi bonyine. None se ni Kigwa wazanye n’Abatwa muli Kongo? Ajyana n’Abatwa bandi mu bindi bihugu ? N’ilyo manuka 1ya Kigwa wavuye mw’ijuru, nta munyabwenge mu Banyarwanda ukibitekereza. Byahimbwe n’abashakaga kutwemeza ko isi yose ali u Rwanda. Bagashaka ko iremwa ly’isi n’ibintu bindi byatangiliye kuli Kigwa, maze umwe mu buzukuruza be, ali we Gihanga, agahanga ibintu byose, akabyara imilyango yose ! Ibyo ni nde ukibyemera?
  1. – Nuko rero tureke iby’imigani: Abatwa b’Impunyu, nibo babanjije gutura mu Rwanda hakili ishyamba, nk’uko batuye mu mashyamba yandi ya Kongo atwegereye, nk’uko bagituye mu Rugano rwacu.

Na bo rero Abatwa bo mu gihugu, ubanza ali Umulyango wali uturanye n’Impunyu, hanyuma babonye

Abahutu badutse ino bahinga ishyamba, bahitamo guturana na bo, bikomereza umwuga wo kubumba inkono  n’ibindi, bakabigura n’Abahutu.

Abahutu.

22 – Abahutu ni bo bavuga bâdutse mu Rwanda hanyuma y’Abatwa, aba ali bo bakonda ishyamba.. Abahanga mu Bumenyi bw’Imilyango bavuga ko baje muliAfrika baturutse muli aziya. Bagumya kuza buhoro buhoro batyo ,baza bakonda ishyamba, balinda bagera ino. Ababaye kw’ishyamba bazi ko abakonzi b’ishyamba badahamya ingo hamwe. Batema ishyamba bagatwika., bagatera imyaka yabo, byamara kwera ubutaka buvuyemo ubworohe bw’urushyambashyamba, bakagira ubute bwo guhinga ahantu hakomeye hatyo: bakongera bagatema ishyamba aho bali baligeze. Na bwo ubutaka bakonze mbere, bakabusigira abatinya-shyamba bagumya kuza bubaka aho abakonda bimutse. No mu ntangiliro ni uko byagenze : aba bo mu Rwanda bakonda ishyamba, baba bigana ibyo abasekuruza babo bakoze mbere yacu. Ab’inkwakuzi bazaga bakonda, bakagumiliza gutsura ishyamba imbere yabo, kuko batali bishoboreye guhinga ahamaze gukomera hatyo. N’uko barinda bagera ino, uko bagatemuruye ishyamba, mu masekuruza atabalika.

23 – Abahutu babaga bahagurukiye gukonda ishyamba, umuntu akajyana n’abana be, n’abo bava ind’imwe na rubanda rundi rwa nyakamwe rutabona uko rwirwanaho. Uko kudatandukana kwabo kandi, babiterwaga no gushaka kwirengera, kuko uwabaga ali umwe, hadukaga abandi bamurusha amaboko bakamuhuguza ibye. Ni ko bigenda mu bihugu byose bidafite umutegeka umwe wo kwubahiliza ba nyakamwe: abantu barîbumba bakirwanaho, kugira ngo ubwinshi bwabo butume babatinyira amaboko. Babaga rero bageze ahantu bashimye indeka, ba-kahubaka, bagatema ishyamba, bagahinga. Bukeye babona hatangiye kugunduka, bakongera bakimuka, bakajya aho baruzi ko hazarushaho kurumbuka. Uko kandi bakondaga ishyamba, ni ko Abatwa b’Impunyu bigiranagayo na lyo kuko imigenzo yabo itareka batandukana na lyo.

24 – Se w’abakonze akarere kamwe k’ishyamba yabonaga rero ko agiye gupfa, agatanga umutwaremu bana be, kugira ngo ajye avugira umulyango we, cyangwa se ngo nihaba intambara abahuruze. N’uwo kandi akazabigenza atyo, uko musanzwe mubizi mu Rwanda. Uwo Mukuruw’Umulyango rero bakamwita Umwami. Ngira ngo muzi ko ilyo jambo ali kimwe nokwama, no kwamamara. Livuga umuntu w’ikirangirire,uzwi hose. Aliko rero kuli ubu twasanze bitwa. Abahinza, ali byo kuvuga Abami b’imyaka. Ilyo zina lyabo ly’Abahinza, liva ku ijarabo lyo guhinda, ibi by’inkuba.Ni nk’uko ijambo lyo kugenda livamo kugenza,nk’ibi by’umuntu ujyanwa no kwitegereza aho undi aherereye, kugira ngo bazamufate. Umuhinza rero, ni ukuvuga umuntu utera uburumbuke, kuko buturuka ku mvura. Numvise abandi bagira ngo izina ly’Umuhinza lituruka kw’ijambo lyo guhinga. Na byo biciye inzira imwe n’ibya mbere, kuko byerekeje ku burumbuke bw’imyaka. Aliko rero ijambo lirangizwa n’inyuguti ya « ga » ntilishobora kurangizwa n’iya « za » kuli bene buriya bulyo. Naho arangizwa n’inyuguti ya « da » yose ashobora kuyihinduràmo « za » kuriya. Dore nko kuganda, ibi byo kwanga kwumvira abagutegeka, livamo kuganza, ibi byo kunesha rwose : ugatsindira bwa bwigenge uganda aba ashaka.

25 – Maze kandi urebe ko ilyo jambo likomoka ku lyo guhinda kw’inkuba iyo imvura igiye kugwa, na n’ubu bazi ko umulimo w’ikubitiro w’Umwami ali uwo gutuma imvura igwa. Tuzi ko Umwami w’u Rwanda atsinda abandi akabavana ku ngoma, aliko rero akagumana imilimo yabo, akagumya kugilira igihugu cyabo akamaro bakigiliraga mbere. Ubundi iyo Umwami yimye imvura ikabura, ngo Rubanda usanga bafite amakenga, bakeka ko Abiru bimitse Umwami utali we. Ubu abatali babizi mbibabwire noneho: Umwami w’u Rwanda ni we Muvubyi Mukuru! Na kera kwose ni we Rubanda bategerezagaho akamaro kwo guca amapfa mu gihugu. Bavugaga ko igihugu kidafite Umwami kigomba guteramo amapfa. Ndetse hateraga inzara ugasanga bajujura hilya ngo: « Mbese uyu Mwami we arîbwira iki? Mbese yabuze abamubwira intsinzi yabyo? »

26 – Uretse kandi n’ibyo twumvise mu magambo y’Abatekereza, dufite igisigo cyo ku ngoma ya Gahindiro cyitwa Urugumye urukanga Umwami. Ubwo Gahindiro yimye hateye amapfa akomeye cyane, akulikirwa n’inzara y’icyorezo yitwa Rukungugu; ubwo Yuhi IV Gahindiro yali akili umwana ukambakamba, igihugu gitegekwa nyina. Kuko rero yali yarwaniye ingoma, ibyo ntibyajyaga kubura amakenga ya Rubanda, y’uko Umwami yali uwo batsinze ! Aliko rero amaherezo imvura irahanguka. Umusizi rero witwaga Musare atura icyo Gisigo cyo gukura ubwatsi, kuko Umwami abahaye imvura. Akakivugamo ati:

Nta “wundi wakadukuliye imvura kure

Atali uwarazwe ingomà n’inganji!…

Ulya munsi weretse Rubanda ubwami warazwe

Mwami ubuze ubwanza, gica urayamuruye mu Rwanda!

Icyokere kibi kitwokeje umubili ukagihoza

Muhoza wa twese ishimwe nzaliguhaya !

Gaca-bworo, imvura wayiraliye rubunda,

Kirabya bayicira imoko kw’ijuru;

Bawuziba amabere umuvumbi

Kivomo cya Gahenda ukawuzibura !

Uyigilira ubwira n’umwete uyifitiye.

Mutwe utwambaliye ishyira,

Iyo inkuba yatawe urayihabuye !

Bwenge urusha abandi.

lmvura wayikulikiye ubutayisiga

Uti: « Nimuhumure Rubanda,

Mbahaye uw’ejo ngacyura imvura

Cyilima akadukanda uwo muruho. »

Weho mu kuguha yagukuliye inyuma,

Rugira rw’i Ruganda rw a Ruganu ntiyagusangiza!

Mu kuguha ingoma igukiza ibigereke

Ikugira Umwami wenyine,

Irakwita izina Bwami ntilyakuka! »

27 – Ayo ni amabango amwe avuye muli icyo gisigo, abereka ko Umwarni ali we Muvubyi abandi bagenderaho. Urebe n’uko iyo mvura, ku bwabo yerekanye ko Immana yali yatoreye Gahindiro kuba Umwami. Ilyo zina rero ly’ubuhinza nta washidikanya ko liva ind’imwe n’ilyo guhinda kw’inkuba. Kandi reka lituruke ku burumbuke, nta mugayo: Abami balibanje batorewe gukonda ishyamba. Kandi kubitekereza ntya, ni Musenyeri Claire, wahoze ali mukuru wa Nyakibanda wampaye iyo nzira, ambwira ko ilyo guhinda, mu gishi, livugwamo kumanura imvura.

28 – Umwami wacu rero n’ubwo atitwa Umuhinza aliko afite imilimo y’ilyo zina. Ily’Umwami na lyo muli ibi bihugu bya ruguru byo mu Buganda livuga Utegeka wese, nk’uko mu kinyarwanda tuvuga Umutware.Ikindi cyatwereka isano y’abantu: mu bihugu by’Abahutu byo mu Busukuma hilya y’i Karagwen’u Bujinja, Umwami yitwa Umutemi; ukabona ko byenda gusa n’ijambo lyacu ly’Umutemyi. Kandi muli ayo mahugu, ni Abahinza koko, nk’uko byahoze kera ino. Dore nko muli Vikariyati ya Mwanza yonyine, hali Abatemi bageze ku 100, mu gihugu kiruta u Rwanda incuro 5 gusa ! Kuva mu Misiyoni ya Mwanza ujya mu ya Bukumbi, hali urugendo rwa kilometro 25 gusa; aliko rero ujya muli urwo rugendo urenga ibihugu by’Abami 5! Umva na we!

29 – Ngibyo iby’Abahinza. Uko nabikêtse aliko, ngira ngo kera ibihugu bimwe bya mu Rwanda ntibyasangiraga indimi binoze ‘nk’ubu. Ubanza abategekaga bimwe bârîtwaga Abami mu ndimi zabo, nk’uko bimeze ubu mu Buganda no mu Bunyoro, no mu bindi bihugu bya ruguru byinshi; abandi bakitwa Abatware; abandi bakitwa Abahinza. Ukaba rero uruzi ko Abanyiginya baba baratangiliye mu gihugu cyavugaga Abamiuwabo akitwa atyo. Hanyuma rero uko bagumya gutsinda; abaneshejwe bakalimurekera wenyine. Naho rero abatsinzwe nyuma begamiye inkiga, yasanga bitwa Abahinza bakaligumana.

30 – Uko rero mwabibonye, ntitwavuze ko Abahinza, bali abavubyi gusa, hato mutazakulikiza ijambo lyo guhinda, ngo mubijyane muli iyo nzira yonyine. Izina lyabo lituruka ku guhinda kw’inkuba, ligasobanura kugusha imvura: aliko rero icy’ikubitiro ni ubururnbuke. Uretse abavubyi, abandi bali Abavumyi bavumaga ibyonona imyaka (nk’inzige, n’inyoni, n’ibindi.) Abahinza bo mu nkiga zerekeye i Cyingogo, ahanini bali Abavumyi. Abo Bami aliko barayobokanaga : uw’umuvubyi agatanga ikoro ly’umuvumyi; umuvumyi na we agatanga isororory’ umuvubyi : kugira ngo umwe arangilize undi umwuga atajyaga kwishoboza ubwe.

31 – Uduhugu tw’abo Bami twagiraga amazina yatwo. Ammwe kenshi yaturukaga kw’izina ly’Umulyango utuye icyo gihugu. Ilyo zina ly’Umulyango na lyo kandi lyaturukaga kw’izina ly’umusekuruza w’uwo Mulyango. Uwo Mulyango waba ukomoka nko kuli Mutoyi, bakitwa Abatoyi, igihugu cyabo kikitwa u-Butoyi. Aliko rero bene ayo mazina akomoka kw’izina ly’Umulyango, nta bwo yahamaho iteka, ibyo na mwe murabiruzi. Haba ubwo abahatuye barushwa amaboko, igihugu cyabo kikigaru1irwa n’undi Mulyango : noneho igihugu kikenda izina lya wa Mulyango mushya, ilya mbere likazimirana na bene lyo.

32 – Haliho kandi ubundi bulyo tutashoboye kumenya bwazanye amazina y’ibihugu bimwe. Dore nk’u Bwanacyambwe, bavuga ko ilyo zina lyafashe igihugu cyose livuye ku gasozi kanziginya k’akarutu kitwa Nyirabwanacyambwe, kali hagati ya Kibagabaga na Kimironko, mu nyarurembo y’Umutware wa Provinsi iyo. Bakavuga ko u Bugesera, bwavanye ilyo zina ku kandi karutu kitwa Nyirubugesera, kali ku gasozi ka Kanzenze. Mu Marangara kandi hali akadunduguru kitwa Nyiramarangara, ku musozi wa Gitongati, bavuga ko izina lya Marangara aliho lyaherereye. Mu Cyingogo hali akandi gasozi nk’utwo k’i Mushyiga kitwa Nyiracyingogo, bakavuga ko ali ko

kavuyeho izina lya Cyingogo. Numvise bavuga ko no mu Budaha hali Nyirabudaha, no mu Bugamba (ubu ni Provinsi ya Cyingogo) hali Nyirabugamba; aliko aho hombi ha nyuma sinahageze, cyangwa ngo mbone umuntu uhandangira neza. Wenda no mu bindi bihugu byo mu Rwanda hali bene utwo dusozi. Aliko se izina lyatwo lyaba lyarafashe igihugu cyose lite? Sinabimenye ! Ahali wenda haba ali ho uwakonze ishyamba lyaho aba yarabanje gututa, maze uko litamurutse hakitwa izina ly’ibanze. Aliko na byo nta wamenya impamvu yaba yaratumye iteka biba udusozi tunzinya, tw’uturutu!

33 – Ukuyeho ayo mazina kandi tumaze kuvuga, hahozeho andi mazina yazimiye, akaba acyibukwa mu bitekerezo gusa. Ku Ndiza hahoze hitwa u Bunyatwa; akarere ko hagati ya Muhanga na Sholi na Gitima na Mpushi, (Provinsi Marangara, Nduga, Rukoma), hahoze hitwa u Busekera; mu Gishubi, no mu bya Musambira na Rugobagoba (Provinsi Rukoma na Nduga) hahoze hitwa u Bunyagitunda, hagatura Umulyango witwaga Abagôbe wali utuye no mu Bunyatwa (ali bwo Ndiza-Burembo.) Ku Ruyenzi (Provinsi Rukoma), hahoze hitwa u Bushegeshi. Ku Mayaga ya ruguru, kimwe n’i Nduga ya za Kibanda, hahoze hitwa u Bunyakisho. Ku Mayaga y’epfo, no mu Buhanga hahoze hitwa u Buhwaga. Provinsi ya Bumbogo yahoze yitwa u Busarasi. Mbese rwose ahantu hasigaye hitwa amazina yaho ya kera, ni mu Nduga, n’uko amazina yaho yavuyeku duhugu agasigara ku misozi gusa. Bulya Musenyi, na Mukingo, na Rwesero ho muli za Provinsi Marangara, Nduga na Busanza-Nord, yahoze ali amazina y’uduhugu, nka bene ibyo tuvuze by’Abahinza ba kera. Ukubitireho na Nkobwa na Kabagali na Gisibili (ubu ni Provinsi ya Kabagali).

34 – Ngibyo ibihugu bacyibuka by’Abahinza ba kera. Abo Bahinza bagiraga ingoma, kuko ingoma ali yo kimenyetso cy’Ubwami mu bihugu by’Abirabura ba Afrika iyi yacu. Imitegekere ya bo ni yo yateguliye Abatutsi: ntimwibagirwe ko Abahutu ali bo baremye u Rwanda mw’ikonda ly’ishyamba lyali lirutwikihiye. Icyakora nta wakubwira imyaka Abahutu bamaze mu Rwanda : ntimwibagirwe ko bakagatiye Afrika yose yo hagati. Nabonye igitabo cyanditsemo ibitekerezo bya Nkore n’u Buganda n’u Bunyoro, kandi cyanditswe n’umuntu uzi iby’Ubumenyi bw’Imilyango, kivuga kiti : « Abahanga bazi kugereranya igihe amashyamba yacikiye bakeka ko ibyo bihugu bimaze nibura imyakaa 5.000 bigezemo abantu ». Murora se n’ubwo atavugaga iby’ino, abantu baba barageze muli ibyo bihugu, bagatinya kugera mu Rwanda, kandi byegeranye ? Hahi n’aho wenda ndetse baba barabigezemo baturutse ino. Na Padri Shanwani, muli cya gitabo yanditse cy’U’ Rwanda rwa kera’n’urwa vuba, yagize ati : « Urebye ukuntu Abahutu basakaye muli Afrika yo hagati, n’ukuntu bahagwiliye cyane, wasanga bahamaze imyaka ibihumbi byinshi ». Nta bwo twabona interuro yo gushwaga umubare w’ibyo bihumbi ujya gucishiliza agira nibura ishingiro lyabyo.

35 – Abahutu bacyaduka ino) bavugaga urulimi rumwe ; alike rero uko amasekuruza ahita  andi agataha, bakagenda baruhindura. Nk’ikintu babonye bwa mbere batali basanzwe bazi, bakagihimbira izina lishya. Andi magambo bakagenda bayenda mu rulimi rw’Abatwa basanze mu mashyamba bakondagà. Nk’amazina y’imisozi, n’imigezi, n’ay’inyamaswa batali bazi, n’amagambo yerekeye umuhigo : umuntu arora bagiye babyenda mu Batwa basanzwe mu mashyamba yo muli ako karere. Nk’uko uwagera mu Rwanda ubu, yamenya amagambo atajyaga kuzabona ahandi : nk’imihamilizo, intore, amasunzu, imitamilizo, ibyansi, uruhimbi, n’ibindi byerekeye inka n’Abatutsi. Nk’ibyo se uwakwaduka muli Kongo yabibwirwa n’iki ko bitahaba? Ahubwo yahasanga andi magambo tutazi, kuko icyatumye bayahimba kitaba ino mu Rwanda. Izo ni impamvu zimwe zatumye indimi z’Abirabura zihinduka, tukaba tutumvana. Aliko rero mu magambo yikubitiro bali bazi bose bwa mbere na mbere bataratandukana, muli Afrika y’Abirabura hose usanga yose bayazi. Nk’umuntu, umutima, umubili, ijuru, umuzimu, umupfumu, ingoma, amazi, umwami, imvura ; n’ibindi nk’ibyo. Na none si, ukuvuga ko bene ayo magambo hose yakomeje kuvugwa nko mu kinyarwanda : bamwe bayavuga ku bulyo bwabo, aliko amaherezo ugasanga bicishihje. Nko mu Giswayile bavuga: maji, mvua, mwili , mtu, si nko mu kinyarwanda rwose, aliko rero ukaba uruzi ko ali ijambo limwe n’ayacu.