Umuco w’i Rwanda ugira amateka. Hakavugwamo abagabo n’abagore b’intwari. Twavuga nka Muvunyi wa Karema karemajwe n’ibyuma, cyangwa Rwanyonga rwa Mugabwambere, cyangwa Nyiransibura wanyaye ikiyaga cya Kivu, tutaretse ya nkumi Ndabaga wasimbuye se ku ruharo (ibintu byageze iwa Ndabaga). Havugwamo Nyagakecuru wo mu Bisi bya Huye. Hari Nyaruzi rwa Haramanga ku Mukindo wa Makwaza. Hari Intahana-batatu Rukara rwa Bishingwe wo mu Barashi b’i Murera, Basebya ba Nyirantwari ku Rugezi rwa Byumba na Mashira ya Nkuba ya Sabugabo mu Nduga ngari y’Ababanda mu Marangara. N’abandi benshi batarondowe.

Mu mateka na none, havugwa Ngunda w’i Nduga n’inda ye nini hamwe n’amayogi ye ya Bulimbi (imisozi). Hakavugwamo Kavuna Karyankuna wasize umugani wo ‘kuruha uwa Kavuna’. Havugwa Nyangara n’abariye inka ye, bakiyemeza guhora bamuririra: ibyo bigwi bizwi n’abagore n’abana. Havugwa abagabo b’ibisambo n’abanyabinyoma byabuze urugero, nka Serugarukiramfizi rwa Kayihura wakundaga ibirunge bitavugwa na Semuhanuka wari uzi kubeshya ikirari kikuma. Havugwamo kandi abahanzi b’imbyino, indilimbo n’inanga, nka ba Sebatunzi, Rujindiri na Kabalira, utaretse n’amatorero yandi y’ibirangirire.

Hakavugwamo abagore b’inshinzi z’ingare n’inkoramaraso nka Nyirarunyonga na Kanjogera. Havugwamo n’abagore beza b’ihoho nka Nyiramavugo wa Gaga na Bwiza bwa Mashira butashiraga irora n’irongorwa. Hari n’imigani miremire y’abagore b’inyaryenge nka Nyakwezi na Nyabunyana. Utaretse n’inkubaganyi kabuhariwe nka Gashubi, Sebwugugu, na Nyabwangu.

Hariho n’imvugo yihariye mu Kinyarwanda, yakoreshwaga ku Bwami no ku Mandwa, bigatanga umwitangirizwa muri rubanda rwa giseseka. Urugero: umwami ntapfa aratanga; imandwa ntiririmba itera umuhara. Umwami ntaryama aribikira, kandi ntiyituma ajya ku nama.

Haba mu mvugo yihariye cyangwa isanzwe, mbese inkingi z’umuco n’injyana yawo byahererekanwaga bite mu burere no mu buzima bwa buri munsi mu Rwanda? Ubu se bwo birakorwa?

UMUCO MU BURERE

Mu buryo bw’uburere, umuco uhererekana nk’amasaro y’urunigi mu kagozi/akadodo, maze abari bakuru bakamenyereza abakiri bato uburyo bwo kubaho mu nzego zitandukanye z’ubuzima. Ni bwo hemezwa mu kinyarwanda ko uburere buruta ubuvuke. Muri urwo ruhererekane ruzira umuhezo, uburere bwiza bujyana n’ingeso nziza cyangwa imico myiza: bukarangwa n’ikinyabupfura no kwiyubaha bimwe bivugwa ko umuntu agira aho avuka kandi ko yarezwe neza, bikagereranywa n’amata agira gitereka.

Uburere butangira umwana akiri muto, bisanga wa mugani ngo ‘igiti kigororwa kikiri gitoya’ kuko iyo kimaze gukura ugashaka kukigorora kiravunika, burya biba byamaze kuba impitagihe. Mu burere hagomba gutangwa urugero rwiza, bitewe n’uko bizwi neza ko ‘kora ndebe iruta vuga numve’. Icyakora rero, hari ibishobora kunanirana kugororwa, cyane cyane nk’ingeso mbi umuntu yaba yaramaze gufata, noneho abantu bagahebera urwaje, bagasigara bemeza ko kamere idakurwa na reka.

Mu buryo bwo kurera bisanzwe mu muco-nyarwanda, nta mashuri yihariye ahamye yabagaho, uretse itsinda ry’abiru b’ibwami n’amatorero amwe namwe y’imitwe y’ingabo. Abiru batozwaga ibyo amateka y’abami n’amabanga y’ubusimburane bw’imitegekere ku ngoma. Ubundi rero, umuco mu burere wagaragariraga mu mikino no mu birori, mu bitaramo n’inkera, mu mbyino n’indilimbo, mu kwiyereka no guhamiriza, mu bugeni n’ubukorikori, utibagiwe no kuvuza ingoma. Dore zimwe mu ngero zatangwa ku byakorwaga:

Habagaho imikino:
• Gusimbuka urukiramende, kumasha (cyangwa kurasa intego), gukirana ari byo kuvuza umutego bagakizwa na mbuga. Ibi byarebaga abahungu.
• Kubyina no gucamata mu gihe cyo guca imyeyo, ku bakobwa.
• Gukina rubito (gutanga ubute), gusiganwa no gukina ibendera.
• Gutsuka na ‘semutimbiri’ ku bakiri abana
• Imihamirizo y’intore. Hakoreshwa imigara, impu z’inyamaswa, amasaro, amayugi, amacumu n’amakondera n’ingoma

Habagaho ibitaramo: Abasore bigiraga gutarama ku majigija n’abasheshe akanguhe. Bakiga kuganira no gusarikana bya gihungu. Mu bitaramo ni ho abantu baboneraga umwanya utagira uko usa wo kwivuga, gusetsa no kwishongora. Ni ho baterekaga inzoga y’imihigo, igasomwaho n’umaze gutotora ikivugo. Dushobora kwibuka hano ibya wa mukumirizi Gashambayita k’indangare. Mu gusetsa ariko bivanze n’agahimano, ni ho havuye ya ntero ngo ‘Karaba ubise abandi’, byaje nyuma kubyara imvugo-rusange igira ngo ‘yankarabije’ (ntacyo yampaye).

Hakaba imbyino n’indilimbo: Habaho abahanzi b’imbyino n’indilimbo, bakabyigisha amatorero y’ababyinnyi n’imitwe y’abaririmbyi. Urugero twatanga rutari kure: Abanyuramatwi, Urukerereza, Indangamirwa, Inyamamare, Amasimbi n’Amakombe.

Imigani migufi n’imiremire: Bakame n’impyisi, urukwavu n’umukecuru, urusya-mpetse, akavumbura-mashyiga, Nyabwangu na Nyabucurere, Nyakwezi, …

Ibitekerezo: Cyitatire cya Mutabazi na Nzira, igitero k’Imbungiramihigo kwa Makombe, Saruhara rwa Nkomokomo, Umwaduko w’abazungu…

Habagaho kwiyereka no guhamiriza no kuvuza ikondera: Intore n’amatorero ndangamuco

Hakaba kuvuza ingoma: amwe mu mazina y’imilishyo: Inyanja, ikimanuka, agasiga.

Hakaba gucuranga: inanga, iningiri, umuduli, urutaro no kuvuza umwirongi

Habaho gutera umupira: buri kipe ikagira izina ryayo. Urugero: Amagaju, Imvejuru, Amavubi, Imirabyo, Amatare, Indashyikirwa, Amahindura, Amaregura, Intameneka, Indatwa, Kitabura, Kiyovu, Gishamvu, Mukura, Rayon Sport, APR FC,…

Hakaba imitwe y’ingabo: Urugero: Abashakamba, Inkingi, Inshinzi, Ibisumizi, Inkotanyi, Inzirabwoba, Ibitsimbanyi, Imbanzarugamba, Imeneragitero, Intabangira, Imbungiramihigo, Ingangurarugo, Imenerabahizi…

Izi ngero zose ziragaragaza ko umuco-nyarwanda ari isoko idakama y’ibitekerezo n’uburyo bwo kubaho, binyuzwa mu bihimbano by’ubuhanzi bw’umwimerere, bikagenda bihererekana uko ibihe bihaye ibindi, mu buryo bw’uburere no kwigisha. Muri iyo njyana y’umuco, bikumvikana neza ko ubwenge burahurwa, ibitari ibyo ubwenge bw’umwe bukayoba kandi utazi ubwenge agashima ubwe. Muri uko kurahura ubwenge, gutira abandi no guhererekanya, bisaba ubwitonzi n’ubushishozi: ntibibe gupfa kwigana iby’ahandi uko byakabaye utabanje gushungura, kuko ushobora kujya mw’ishyamba utazi ukahaca inkoni utazi.

Mu ntego z’umuco mu burere, habagamo gushaka amahoro n’ubwumvikane mu bantu. Ariko iyo bitashobokaga, bitewe n’uko ahari abantu hatajya habura uruntu-runtu, bikagera ubwo abari kumwe bananiranwa bimwe byo gusobanya mu mashyi no mu mudiho, haba mu bashakanye n’inshuti, haba mu bavandimwe n’abaturanyi, ntabwo ibyo bintu babihariraga ‘Hazimuwatse’ ahubwo habagaho kwitabaza inzira y’ubutabera.

UMUCO MU BUTABERA

Mu birebana n’umuco mu butabera, habagaho inzego zisigiye n’inkiko, bigakorwa mu rwego rw’umuryango, urw’umudugudu (akagari) n’urwo hejuru mu gitegetsi.

A. Urwego rw’umuryango:
Urwego rw’umuryango rwari rubereyeho gukiza amakimbirane mu bashakanye hamwe no gukemura impaka mu bavandimwe.

Iyo umugabo n’umugore bateruranaga, bakesurana, bwa bundi bacekanaga, byabaga byarenze urugero, hakabaho kwitabaza ababyeyi n’abavandimwe. Icyo gihe umugore yabererekeraga umugabo akanya gato, agashobora kwahukaniraga kwa sebukwe iyo bumvikanaga, bitaba ibyo akajya iwabo. Yaba atagifite ababyeyi, akahukanira kwa musaza we w’umutware w’umuryango. Ubwo bikazaba ngombwa ko umugabo we azajya kumucyura.

Mu minsi itarambiranye, iyo umugabo yamaraga kubura icyo afata n’icyo areka, akabura ijambo mu bandi bagabo kuko ukurusha umugore akurusha urugo, ibyo mu rugo bikamunanira kakahava, imbeho ikarara imutundira mu buriri, yamesaga kamwe akamwaruruka, akava ku k’ejo ka ‘ndi igabo’ kuko izirwa, akajya gucyura umugore we. Yengaga inzoga nziza, akayijyana aho umugore we yahukaniye. Bakagerageza kubunga, bumvisha buri muntu wese amakosa ye, bakabibutsa ko nta mugore utagorana kandi ko nta mugabo udatongana, ariko ko umuti atari ugusenya ngo usambure, bigutere guhinduka urw’amenyo, abanzi baguhenyera. Ahubwo bakabagira inama ko ibyiza ari ukwihangana no kwihanganirana, bakibutsa umugabo ko ‘wirukana umugore uguguna igufwa, ukazana urimira bunguri’, naho umugore bakamwibutsa ko abagabo badapfa kwemera kuva kw’izima, kandi ko ushaka inka aryama nka zo.
Bakabahana bombi ngo ntibazongere kwiha amenyo y’abasetsi, bakabasaba kujya gukomeza kubaka urugo rwabo mu rukundo n’umurava. Ubwo rero bombi barabyemeraga, umugabo agataha; umugore bugacya amusanga cyangwa agasibira rimwe ku munsi wa kabiri agataha mu rwe, agasubirana n’umugabo we, bakongera bakamwenyura, umugore yarwara umugabo akamurwaza, none se hari ukundi?

Iyo zabaga ari impamvu zikomeye, cyane cyane iyo umugore yaburaga kivurira, cyangwa umugabo ari imburuburu y’igisambo, cyangwa se wenda umugore ari ingumba, bombi barabiburanaga rukabura gica, ubwo aho kugirango umwe azarinde iyo yivugane undi biruhire kubyara inzigo mu miryango, cyangwa se ngo azamureme uruguma rurenze iguriro, byari byemewe mu muco-nyarwanda ko abananiranye bene ubwo buryo batandukana. Hanyuma umwe akishakira undi umushobokeye n’undi bikaba uko. Mbese urebye neza imanza z’abashakanye zarangizwaga n’imiryango yabo mu by’ukuri.

Mu bibazo by’abavandimwe, iyo hadukaga amakimbirane no kutumvikana, habagaho kwegera umukuru cyangwa umutware w’umulyango, bagacoca ibibazo batabembekereza, bya bindi bisaba ko ukiza abavandimwe agomba kurarama. Maze uwo basanganye ikosa bakamuca icyiru kandi bakamwihanangiriza ngo aramenye ntazongere. Icyiru yatangaga kenshi cyari akabindi k’inzoga. Ubwo icyo kibazo kikarangirira aho, ubwumvikane n’ubuvandimwe akaba ari byo byongera guhabwa intebe. Ariko iyo byananiranaga, byafataga indi ntera, bikageza ubwo uwananiranye ashobora gucibwa mu mulyango.

Urwego rwa Gacaca
Iyo ingorane zavukaga mu baturanyi batari abavandimwe, bakananiranwa cyangwa hakavuka imanza z’amahugu, cyangwa bagafatana mw’ijosi bakesurana, byabaga ngombwa gushyikiriza ikibazo cyabo urwego rwa gacaca, ari bwo abaturanyi bose bicaraga mu gacaca, maze bagacocagura amagambo. Uwo ikosa rifashe agahabwa igihano gikwiriye, bidafite aho bihuriye no ‘guhana wihanukiriye’ cyangwa byo gutanga ‘igihano cy’intanga-rugero’. Ntabwo batangaga igihano cya ‘muce’.

Gacaca yari urukiko rw’abaturage bo ku gasozi kamwe, ikaba urubuga rwo gutanga ibitekerezo by’ubutabera byubaka, ntihagire uniganwa ijambo, kandi ntibemere abashaka kubogama. Yakorerwaga aho abantu bafitanye ikibazo bari, bivuga ko yimukaga buri gihe uko bibaye ngombwa. Bashoboraga no guhitamo ahantu hamwe bumvikanyeho, hakaba ari ho bazajya bahurira. Gacaca yaberagaho gukemura ibibazo n’impaka mu bantu, ikaberaho gushyigikira, gushimangira no kubungabunga ubwiyunge, unutekano, amahoro, ubumwe n’ubutabera mu bantu batuye ahantu hamwe.

Izindi nzego z’ubutabera:
Iyo amazi yarengaga inkombe, bimwe by’ububyimba bubusana n’impigi, ubwo abantu babaga bananiranwe ku rwego rw’umulyango na gacaca, byashyikirizwaga inzego zo hejuru z’ubutegetsi, bagatabaza ibukuru. Aho ni kwa sushefu, kwa shefu n’ibwami. Cyane cyane ku birebana n’imanza z’amahugu, akarengane no kwambura. Byakomeje gukorwa gutyo kugeza ubwo hashyizweho inzego zizwi z’ubutabera ku gihe cy’abakoloni, zikaba zararangwaga n’uruhererekane rw’ububasha bw’inkiko, kuva kuri ‘kanto’ ukagera ku rukiko rw’ikirenga. Bihereza igihe cy’ubwigenge na demokrasi. Haba haje umuco wa demokrasi.

UMUCO WA DEMOKRASI

Ni umuco urangwa n’ubutegetsi bw’abaturage, butangwa n’abaturage kandi bukorera abaturage. Rubanda bihitiramo mu mudendezo ababayobora. Hehe n’ikitwa ‘kuvukana imbuto’ (amasaka n’uburo) cyangwa ubutware bushingiye ku muryango. Hehe na ‘humiriza ngutegeke’ cyangwa ‘ndagutegeka nta nama tujya’. Mu muco wa demokrasi, birazwi neza ko umuntu wese akora icyo ashaka, icyo yirinda ari ukwica amategeko. Bityo abantu bose bakaba bareshya imbere y’amategeko y’igihugu. Nta ba ‘nyangufi’, ba ‘rudasumbwa’ na ‘ntarebatinya’ imbere y’itegeko. Mu muco wa demokrasi, itegeko ni ‘rureshyesha’.

Mu muco wa demokrasi nanone, humvikana neza ko intero ari ‘karaba dusangire’, ntabwo ari bya bindi bya ‘karaba ubise abandi’. Muri demokrasi umuntu wese yirinda kwivanga mu bitamugenewe, akaba atagomba kwibagirwa akazi n’ibikorwa bya kijyambere. Uwiyobagiza kandi bimuviramo indwara yitwa ‘muraramo’, ibimenyetso byayo bikaba ‘umuriro mwinshi’ w’uburangare n’ubudabagizi, ubuhubutsi, umutima-hubu, inda nini, ivangura no gusahura ibya rubanda ukabihindura ibyawe aka ya ‘siha rusahuzi’, kuvimvira no kwiyumvira iraha mu byo utavunikiye, kurya ruswa no kunyunyuza imitsi y’abandi, gukora politiki mbi ishingiye kw’ivangura iryo ari ryo ryose n’ibitekerezo by’itsembabwoko n’itsembatsemba. Ibyo byose bijyana buri gihe no gucunga nabi ibya rubanda, maze imibereho myiza n’amajyambere y’igihugu bikahazaharira. Naho rubanda ikomeza umutsi!

Ku buryo bw’umwihariko, umuco mwiza wa demokrasi ushishikariza abanyarwanda n’abategetsi b’u Rwanda bose kumenya, kubaha no gushyira mu bikorwa ibyiza biboneka mu gutandukanya amashami atatu y’ubutegetsi: ubutegetsi nshinga-mategeko, ubutegetsi nyubahiriza-tegeko n’ubutegetsi ngenzura-tegeko.

Muri iyi nzira nziza ya demokrasi, umuntu wese ni nk’undi, gutyo abantu bose bakubahana kuko nta muntu w’ubusa cyangwa uw’inusu. Abantu bose bagashyira mu gaciro, bakubaka igihugu cyababyaye mu rukundo, mu bwigenge no kwishyira ukizana, mu mahoro no mu bwumvikane, bakirinda umwiryane n’amacakubiri. Nta shiti ko abashyize hamwe batwara inzovu ku mashyi, ariko abatutira batongana batura ukubiri. Dushishikarire twese hamwe umuco mwiza wa demokrasi.